Choices and Challenges With Drug Therapy in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

The literature on pharmacologic treatments for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is inconsistent and unstandardized. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate choices in pharmacologic treatment options for POTS and the challenges encountered in the studies. We searched numerous databases like PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for literature published before April 8, 2023.

Spherical symmetry in the kilonova AT2017gfo/GW170817.

The mergers of neutron stars expel a heavy-element enriched fireball that can be observed as a kilonova. The kilonova's geometry is a key diagnostic of the merger and is dictated by the properties of ultra-dense matter and the energetics of the collapse to a black hole. Current hydrodynamical merger models typically show aspherical ejecta.

Host-mycobacteria conflict: Immune responses of the host vs. the mycobacteria TLR2 and TLR4 ligands and concomitant host-directed therapy.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is one of the most grievous infectious diseases with long-term morbidity and unpredicted mortality rates globally. Thus, understanding the host-pathogen interactions to develop potential drugs is the most focused area of research. Mtb has many antigens communicating with host cells via various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs).

A dust-enshrouded tidal disruption event with a resolved radio jet in a galaxy merger.

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are transient flares produced when a star is ripped apart by the gravitational field of a supermassive black hole (SMBH). We have observed a transient source in the western nucleus of the merging galaxy pair Arp 299 that radiated >1.5 × 10 erg at infrared and radio wavelengths but was not luminous at optical or x-ray wavelengths.

A kilonova as the electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational-wave source.

Gravitational waves were discovered with the detection of binary black-hole mergers and they should also be detectable from lower-mass neutron-star mergers. These are predicted to eject material rich in heavy radioactive isotopes that can power an electromagnetic signal. This signal is luminous at optical and infrared wavelengths and is called a kilonova.