Dynamical signatures from competing, nonadiabatic fragmentation pathways of S-nitrosothiophenol.

S-Nitrosothiols (RSNOs) are derived from the combination of sulfur and nitric oxide (NO) radicals in the Earth's atmosphere and fragment to products following photolysis. Extensive theoretical studies have focused on the thermodynamic and, to a lesser extent, photochemical properties of RSNOs. However, experimental studies of these compounds have been limited due to the inherent instability of RSNOs at room temperature.

Imaging the nonreactive collisional quenching dynamics of NO (AΣ) radicals with O (XΣ ).

Nitric oxide (NO) radicals are ubiquitous chemical intermediates present in the atmosphere and in combustion processes, where laser-induced fluorescence is extensively used on the NO (AΣ ← XΠ) band to report on fuel-burning properties. However, accurate fluorescence quantum yields and NO concentration measurements are impeded by electronic quenching of NO (AΣ) to NO (XΠ) with colliding atomic and molecular species. To improve predictive combustion models and develop a molecular-level understanding of NO (AΣ) quenching, we report the velocity map ion images and product state distributions of NO (XΠ, v″ = 0, J″, F, Λ) following nonreactive collisional quenching of NO (AΣ) with molecular oxygen, O (XΣ ).

Nonstatistical Dissociation Dynamics of Nitroaromatic Chromophores.

Organic carbon in the atmosphere is emitted from biogenic and anthropogenic sources and plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry, air quality, and climate. Recent studies have identified several of the major nitroaromatic chromophores embedded in organic "brown carbon" (BrC) aerosols. Indeed, nitroaromatic chromophores are responsible for the enhanced solar absorption of BrC aerosols, extending into the near UV (300-400 nm) and visible regions.

Packaging and Non-Hermetic Encapsulation Technology for Flip Chip on Implantable MEMS Devices.

We report here a successful demonstration of a flip-chip packaging approach for a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device with in-plane movable microelectrodes implanted in a rodent brain. The flip-chip processes were carried out using a custom-made apparatus that was capable of the following: 1) creating Ag epoxy microbumps for first-level interconnect; 2) aligning the die and the glass substrate; and 3) creating non-hermetic encapsulation (NHE). The completed flip-chip package had an assembled weight of only 0.

Spatial and temporal operation of the Scotia Sea ecosystem: a review of large-scale links in a krill centred food web.

The Scotia Sea ecosystem is a major component of the circumpolar Southern Ocean system, where productivity and predator demand for prey are high. The eastward-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and waters from the Weddell-Scotia Confluence dominate the physics of the Scotia Sea, leading to a strong advective flow, intense eddy activity and mixing. There is also strong seasonality, manifest by the changing irradiance and sea ice cover, which leads to shorter summers in the south.