Open-sky isolated subtotal Muller's muscle resection for ptosis surgery: a review of over 300 cases and assessment of long-term outcome.

Purpose: To evaluate short- and long-term success rates on isolated subtotal Muller resection in over 300 cases of ptosis over a 10-year period.

Methods: Clinical records were retrospectively evaluated for aetiology and severity of ptosis, levator function, response to phenylephrine, pre- and postoperative margin reflex distance of the upper lid (MRD1), postoperative lid contour and symmetry, complications and follow-up duration.

Main Outcome Measures: change in MRD1 and eyelid contour.

Cardiac pacemakers and electrocautery in ophthalmic surgery.

The aging of the population and our ability to care for a patient with increasingly complex disease suggest that we will be caring for many more patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Using surgical diathermy or electrocautery on these patientscan present the additional risk of electrical interference and appropriate precautions need to be considered. We summarise the different type of pacemakers and electrocautery, and how electrocautery can interfere with such devices.

Brow ptosis: are we measuring the right thing? The impact of surgery and the correlation of objective and subjective measures with postoperative improvement in quality-of-life.

Introduction: To assess the effect of brow ptosis on visual function and quality-of-life (QoL), and to determine what measures are associated with post-surgical change in functional status.

Methods: Prospective longitudinal study. Fifteen consecutive patients undergoing brow-lift surgery from February 2009 to August 2010.