A prospective comparison of lower extremity kinematics and kinetics between injured and non-injured collegiate cross country runners.

Collegiate cross country runners are at risk for running related injuries (RRI) due to high training volume and the potential for aberrant lower extremity biomechanics. However, there is a need for prospective research to determine biomechanical risk factors for RRI. The purpose of this study was to prospectively compare ankle, knee, and hip kinematics and kinetics and ground reaction force characteristics between injured and non-injured cross country runners over a 14-week season.

Regulation of UNC-130/FOXD-mediated mesodermal patterning in C. elegans.

Spatial polarity cues in animals are used repeatedly during development for many processes, including cell fate determination, cell migration, and axon guidance. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the body wall muscle extends the length of the animal in four distinct quadrants and generates an UNC-129/TGF-β-related signal that is much higher in the dorsal two muscle quadrants compared to their ventral counterparts. This pattern of unc-129 expression requires the activity of the proposed transcriptional repressor UNC-130/FOXD whose body wall muscle activity is restricted to the ventral two body wall muscle quadrants.

Analytical Performance of Multiplexed Screening Test for 10 Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Perianal Swab Samples.

Background: Multiantibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a threat to patients and place an economic burden on health care systems. Carbapenem-resistant bacilli and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers drive the need to screen infected and colonized patients for patient management and infection control.

Methods: We describe a multiplex microfluidic PCR test for perianal swab samples (Acuitas(®) MDRO Gene Test, OpGen) that detects the vancomycin-resistance gene vanA plus hundreds of gene subtypes from the carbapenemase and ESBL families Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), Verona integron-mediated metallo-β-lactamase (VIM), imipenemase metallo-β-lactamase (IMP), OXA-23, OXA-48, OXA-51, CTX-M-1, and CTX-M-2, regardless of the bacterial species harboring the antibiotic resistance.

National Athletic Trainers' Association position statement: anabolic-androgenic steroids.

Objective: This manuscript summarizes the best available scholarly evidence related to anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) as a reference for health care professionals, including athletic trainers, educators, and interested others.

Background: Health care professionals associated with sports or exercise should understand and be prepared to educate others about AAS. These synthetic, testosterone-based derivatives are widely abused by athletes and nonathletes to gain athletic performance advantages, develop their physiques, and improve their body image.

Effects of Motorized vs Non-Motorized Treadmill Training on Hamstring/Quadriceps Strength Ratios.

Unlabelled: Previous literature suggests that muscular involvement and biomechanical changes elicit different responses between overground and treadmill training. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of training on two different treadmill designs on the conventional (CR; concentric only) and functional (FR; eccentric to concentric) hamstring and quadriceps strength ratios. Fifteen men and sixteen women were randomly divided into three groups: motorized (MT), non-motorized (NMT) or control (C).