Detection of elevated succinate in brain during circulatory arrest in a piglet model: A 3T H MR spectroscopy study.

Purpose: To measure and validate elevated succinate in brain during circulatory arrest in a piglet model of cardiopulmonary bypass.

Methods: Using data from an archive of 3T H MR spectra acquired in previous in-magnet studies, dynamic plots of succinate, spectral simulations and difference spectra were generated for analysis and validation.

Results: Elevation of succinate during circulatory arrest was observed and validated.

Immune-mediated colitis after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led to improved outcome in patients with various types of cancer. Due to inhibition of physiological anti-inflammatory mechanisms, patients treated with ICIs may develop autoimmune inflammation of the colon, associated with morbidity, decreased quality of life (QoL), and mortality. In this review, we summarize clinical and pathophysiological aspects of immune-mediated colitis (ImC), highlighting novel treatment options.

Combined PCL instabilities cannot be identified using posterior stress radiographs in external or internal rotation: A cadaveric study.

Purpose: Posterior stress radiography is recommended to identify isolated or combined posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) deficiencies. The posterior drawer in internal (IR) or external rotation (ER) helps to differentiate between these combined instabilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate posterior stress radiography (PSR) in isolated and combined PCL deficiency with IR and ER compared to PSR in neutral rotation (NR) for diagnosing combined PCL instabilities.

Rethinking Exoskeleton Simulation-Based Design: The Effect of Using Different Cost Functions.

Designing an exoskeleton that can improve user capabilities is a challenging task, and most designs rely on experiments to achieve this goal. A different approach is to use simulation-based designs to determine optimal device parameters. Most of these simulations use full trajectory tracking limb kinematics during a natural gait as a reference.

Emotion and motion: Toward emotion recognition based on standing and walking.

Emotion recognition is key to interpersonal communication and to human-machine interaction. Body expression may contribute to emotion recognition, but most past studies focused on a few motions, limiting accurate recognition. Moreover, emotions in most previous research were acted out, resulting in non-natural motion, which is unapplicable in reality.