Publications by authors named "R K Parkkola"
Phonemic word fluency is related to temporal and striatal gray matter volume in healthy older adults.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn
December 2024
Word fluency (WF) tasks that tap verbal and executive function show deteriorating performance by advancing age. To address the scarcely studied age-related brain correlates of WF, we employed whole-brain voxel-based morphometry to examine gray matter (GM) correlates of semantic and phonemic WF in 46 healthy older adults. Lower phonemic WF score was related to smaller anterior medial temporal GM volume as well as smaller GM volume in the putamen bilaterally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe out-of-plane contact shield and mA-modulation - the effect on fetal absorbed dose.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study assesses how effective patient shielding is at reducing fetal radiation exposure during computed tomography pulmonary angiography, using a phantom model with a prosthetic pregnancy belly.
- Different CT scanners were tested, and results showed that shielding can significantly reduce fetal absorbed radiation dose with some scanners, decreasing exposure by 3.9% to 39.4%.
- However, in some cases, like with the GE Optima scanner, the shielding actually increased fetal dose by 100%, highlighting that the impact varies based on the specific scanner used.
Obesity and sedentarism are associated with increased liver and pancreatic fat content (LFC and PFC, respectively) as well as impaired organ metabolism. Exercise training is known to decrease organ ectopic fat but its effects on organ metabolism are unclear. Genetic background affects susceptibility to obesity and the response to training.
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- Inhaled xenon combined with hypothermia was tested on comatose patients who survived out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) to see if it could protect gray matter in the brain.
- A study of 110 patients found that those who received inhaled xenon and temperature management showed less reduction in brain gray matter volume, especially in areas like the amygdala and temporal gyrus, compared to those who received only temperature management.
- The results suggest that inhaled xenon can help preserve brain structure in this patient group, highlighting its potential therapeutic benefits.
Background: Changes in brain structural connections appear to be important in the pathophysiology of substance use disorders, but their role in behavioral addictions, such as gambling disorder (GD), is unclear. GD also offers a model to study addiction mechanisms without pharmacological confounding factors. Here, we used multimodal MRI data to examine the integrity of white matter connections in individuals with GD.
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