Evidence of microplastics in the polychaete worm (capitellids-Capitella capitata) (Fabricicus, 1780) along Thoothukudi region.

Research on the occurrence of microplastics in invertebrates of the Thoothukudi region is limited. Capitellids are non-selective suspension feeders and are usually used as bioindicator of water pollution. Hence, an investigation was carried out to identify the microplastic occurrence in the capitellids (Capitella capitata) (Fabricius, 1780) collected from the Vellapatti and Spic Nagar sites of the Thoothukudi region.

On the balance beam: facing the challenges of neurosurgical education in the third millennium.

Background: Neurosurgery is one of the most complex and challenging areas of medicine, and it requires an ongoing commitment to education and expertise. Preparing young neurosurgeons with comprehensive education that can allow them to achieve high professional standards is a pivotal aspect of our profession.

Methods: This paper aims to analyze the current scenario in neurosurgical training identifying innovative methods that can guarantee the highest level of proficiency in our specialty.

Total Aortic Arch and Neoaortic Root Replacement Following Stage III Palliation for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

Progressive dilatation of the neoaortic root and reconstructed aortic arch is a serious complication after the Norwood procedure. There are no clear guidelines on the management of this complex anatomy in the setting of single ventricle physiology, and the surgical treatment of such an entity remains anecdotal. We describe a successful surgical repair in a 15-year-old girl presenting with a severely dilated neoaortic root and aortic arch causing compression and narrowing of the left pulmonary artery after successful three-stage palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.