Addressing dental workforce challenges at the state level through financial incentives, educational innovation, and teledentistry initiatives.

Background: To address access to dental care and oral health inequity issues comprehensively this project aimed to 1) develop, test and demonstrate a community-based recruitment of oral health workforce capacity in severely underserved areas of Oregon, 2) develop a retention toolkit with the potential to increase the longevity of providers in Dental Health Professional Shortage Areas (DHPSAs), 3) expand the pipeline of oral health professionals willing to practice in rural underserved counties of Oregon through experiential learning, and 4) demonstrate that a teledentistry model would be applicable in severely underserved areas.

Methods: Administrative changes to state loan repayment initiatives were used to leverage recruitment efforts of dental workforce to DHPSAs. Senior dental students on community-based rotations were surveyed about what factors were important to them in choosing a practice location and what their preferred location of practice was after graduation.

Prevalence and Burden of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: Real-world data on the prevalence and burden of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are limited in Japan. This study aimed to estimate CSU prevalence and assess its humanistic and economic burden. : This analysis utilized data from Japanese adult respondents self-reporting physician-diagnosed CSU collected through the 2019 National Health and Wellness Survey.

Neomorphic leukemia-derived mutations in the TET2 enzyme induce genome instability via a substrate shift from 5-methylcytosine to thymine.

Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes oxidize 5-methylcytosine (mC) in DNA, contributing to the regulation of gene transcription. Diverse mutations of TET2 are frequently found in various blood cancers, yet the full scope of their functional consequences has been unexplored. Here, we report that a subset of TET2 mutations identified in leukemia patients alter the substrate specificity of TET2 from acting on mC to thymine.

Long somatic DNA-repeat expansion drives neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease.

In Huntington's disease (HD), striatal projection neurons (SPNs) degenerate during midlife; the core biological question involves how the disease-causing DNA repeat (CAG) in the huntingtin (HTT) gene leads to neurodegeneration after decades of biological latency. We developed a single-cell method for measuring this repeat's length alongside genome-wide RNA expression. We found that the HTT CAG repeat expands somatically from 40-45 to 100-500+ CAGs in SPNs.

Interleukin 8-CXCR2-mediated neutrophil extracellular trap formation in biliary atresia associated with neutrophil extracellular trap-induced stellate cell activation.

Background And Aims: Biliary atresia (BA) entails an inflammatory sclerosing lesion of the biliary tree, with prominent fibrosis in infancy. Previous studies revealed that neutrophil-activating IL-8 and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) positively correlated with bilirubin and the risk of liver transplant. The aims of this study were to determine the mechanism of NET formation (NETosis) in BA and whether NETs induce stellate cell activation.