The Association Between Levator Ani Integrity and Postpartum Ano-Rectal Dysfunction: A Systematic Review.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Pregnancy and delivery are commonly associated with ano-rectal dysfunction. In addition, vaginal delivery may impact both the structure and functionality of the pelvic floor. Herein, we systematically reviewed the literature for the potential association between levator ani muscle (LAM) avulsion and ano-rectal function after childbirth.

Synthesis and Properties of Poly(Isothianaphthene Methine)s with Chiral Alkyl Chain.

We synthesized poly(isothianaphthene methine)s with chiral alkyl chains in the substituent. Resultant polymers are soluble in THF and CHCl₃. Structure of the polymers was characterized with FT-IR, FT-Raman, and UV-Vis-NIR optical absorption spectroscopy.