Publications by authors named "R K Holmes"
Relations among territoriality, abundance and habitat suitability are fundamental to the ecology of many animal populations. Theory suggests two classes of possible responses to increasing abundance in territorial species: (1) the ideal free distribution (IFD), which predicts smaller territory sizes and decreased fitness as individuals adaptively pack into suitable habitats, and (2) the ideal despotic distribution (IDD), which predicts stable territory sizes and fitness in preferred habitats for dominant individuals and increased use of marginal habitats, reduced fitness and changes in territory sizes for subordinate individuals. We analysed the territory sizes and locations of seven migratory songbird species occupying a 10-ha plot in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA over a 52-year period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalifornia's Bay-Delta watershed encompasses 40% of the state's runoff and serves water supply and irrigation needs throughout the state. A recently amended policy attempts to rebalance water supply and ecological outcomes by requiring 40% of the flow to remain in-stream in the Tuolumne River and other tributaries between February 1 and June 30 each year. This policy impacts water supply diversions serving millions of customers in the San Francisco Bay Area.
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- Cigarette smoking negatively impacts the healing process of fractures, specifically delaying healing and increasing the risk of nonunion.
- The study tested how cigarette smoke affects two types of bone healing (intramembranous vs. endochondral) using rat models with femur fractures treated with different methods.
- Results showed that fractures treated with compression plating healed faster and more completely than those treated with intramedullary nailing, particularly in smoke-exposed animals, suggesting better surgical outcomes for smokers if compression plating is used.*
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- Some research suggests that being overweight (BMI 25-30) might help older people live longer.
- Scientists did a study using special DNA markers to find out if being overweight really affects how long someone lives.
- They discovered that older adults who are overweight (ages 75-85) could live longer than those with normal weight.
Introduction Smoking is a major contributor to health inequalities in the UK. The ENHANCE-D trial is evaluating three smoking cessation interventions (nicotine replacement therapy [NRT], electronic cigarettes [ECs] or 'very brief advice') delivered in NHS primary dental care. This qualitative study aimed to provide insight into the factors that could influence the adoption of the interventions in these settings.
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