Calcium oxalate crystals in cacao trees and their interactions with cadmium.

Cadmium (Cd) concentrations in cacao beans from Latin America often exceed limits for trading. A better understanding of the mechanisms of Cd accumulation in Theobroma cacao L. trees is necessary to advance mitigation strategies.

Emodepside: the anthelmintic's mode of action and toxicity.

Nematode parasitic infections continue to be a major health problem for humans and animals. Drug resistance to currently available treatments only worsen the problem. Drug discovery is expensive and time-consuming, making drug repurposing an enticing option.

Water Heater Type, Temperature Setting, Operational Conditions, and Insulation Affect Ecological Niches for Growth.

Residential water heating represents an important nexus of energy/water conservation, waterborne disease, hygiene, and consumer preference. Here, we examine attributes of two off-the-shelf 151-L tank water heaters, one with hot water recirculation (recirculating) and another without recirculation (standard), compared to a tankless on-demand heater (on-demand). Energy efficiency decreased in the order on-demand > standard > continuous recirculation.

Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder - recommendations from ECTRIMS and the EBMT.

Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a treatment option for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) that are refractory to disease-modifying therapy (DMT). AHSCT after failure of high-efficacy DMT in aggressive forms of relapsing-remitting MS is a generally accepted indication, yet the optimal placement of this approach in the treatment sequence is not universally agreed upon. Uncertainties also remain with respect to other indications, such as in rapidly evolving, severe, treatment-naive MS, progressive MS, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).

Donor Strand Complementation and Calcium Ion Coordination Drive the Chaperone-free Polymerization of Archaeal Cannulae.

Cannulae are tubular protein filaments that accumulate on the extracellular surface of the hyperthermophilic archaeon during cell division. Cannulae have been postulated to act as a primitive extracellular matrix through which cells could communicate or exchange material, although their native biological function remains obscure. Here, we report cryoEM structural analyses of cannulae and of protein assemblies derived from recombinant cannula-like proteins.