C(sp3)-H bond arylations catalyzed by well-defined [Ru(O2CMes)2(p-cymene)].

The well-characterized ruthenium(II) biscarboxylate complex [Ru(O2CMes)2(p-cymene)] enabled versatile direct (hetero)arylations of C(sp(3))-H bonds with low (co)catalyst loading and ample substrate scope. Detailed mechanistic studies provided strong support for a facile and reversible C(sp(3))-H bond metalation.

Copper-catalyzed CuAAC/intramolecular C-H arylation sequence: Synthesis of annulated 1,2,3-triazoles.

Step-economical syntheses of annulated 1,2,3-triazoles were accomplished through copper-catalyzed intramolecular direct arylations in sustainable one-pot reactions. Thus, catalyzed cascade reactions involving [3 + 2]-azide-alkyne cycloadditions (CuAAC) and C-H bond functionalizations provided direct access to fully substituted 1,2,3-triazoles with excellent chemo- and regioselectivities. Likewise, the optimized catalytic system proved applicable to the direct preparation of 1,2-diarylated azoles through a one-pot C-H/N-H arylation reaction.

Hepatocurative potential of sesquiterpene lactones of Taraxacum officinale on carbon tetrachloride induced liver toxicity in mice.

The hepatocurative potential of ethanolic extract (ETO) and sesquiterpene lactones enriched fraction (SL) of Taraxacum officinale roots was evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) induced hepatotoxicity in mice. The diagnostic markers such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin contents were significantly elevated, whereas significant reduction in the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and enhanced hepatic lipid peroxidation, liver weight and liver protein were observed in CCl 4 induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Post-treatment with ETO and SL significantly protected the hepatotoxicity as evident from the lower levels of hepatic enzyme markers, such as serum transaminase (ALT, AST), ALP and total bilirubin.

Palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenative direct arylations of 1,2,3-triazoles.

Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular dehydrogenative direct arylations of 1,2,3-triazoles were accomplished under ambient pressure of air, which set the stage for a modular synthesis of annulated phenanthrenes through a reaction sequence comprising two distinct catalytic C-H bond functionalization reactions.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF STEM EXTRACTS OF TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA (Willd) Hook. f & Thomson.

The antibacterial activity of the aqueous, ethanol and chloroform extracts from the stems of Tinospora cordifolia  was studied using disc diffusion method against Escherichia coil, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter faecalis, Salmonella typhi (Gram-negative), Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcesenses (Gram-positive). Results suggest that the ethanolic extract has significant antibacterial activity against tested bacteria. The present study justifies the claimed uses of Tinospora cordifolia  in the traditional system of medicine to treat various infectious diseases.