Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network Guidance on Dementia: The Investigation of Suspected Dementia (SIGN 168) with Focus on Biomarkers-Executive Summary.

This is an executive summary of the recent guidance produced by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) dementia guideline group with regards to the investigation of suspected dementia. This is a sub-section of the broader SIGN 168 guideline released in November 2023. The guideline group included clinicians with expertise in Old Age Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology, and Nuclear Medicine supported by colleagues from the SIGN and Healthcare Improvement Scotland teams.

Masseter muscle volume as a disease marker in adult-onset myotonic dystrophy type 1.

The advent of clinical trials in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) necessitates the identification of reliable outcome measures to quantify different disease manifestations using minimal number of assessments. In this study, clinical correlations of mean masseter volume (mMV) were explored to evaluate its potential as a marker of muscle involvement in adult-onset DM1 patients. We utilised data from a preceding study, pertaining to 39 DM1 patients and 20 age-matched control participants.

Clinical and neuroradiological correlates of sleep in myotonic dystrophy type 1.

Abnormalities of sleep are common in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), but few previous studies have combined polysomnography with detailed clinical measures and brain imaging. In the present study, domiciliary polysomnography, symptom questionnaires and cognitive evaluation were undertaken in 39 DM1-affected individuals. Structural brain MRI was completed in those without contra-indication (n = 32).

Substantia nigra micro-haemorrhage causing ipsilateral unilateral Parkinsonism and abnormal dopamine transporter scan uptake.

Parkinsonism is a commonly seen movement disorder syndrome with neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative causes. Presynaptic dopamine transporter (DaT) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging is the most commonly used imaging technique in clinical practice to differentiate degenerative Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD plus syndromes from other causes such as essential tremor and drug-induced parkinsonism. This can help identify the patients who would benefit from medical therapy due to underlying pre-synaptic dopaminergic deficits.

Operative tactics in floor of mouth and tongue cancer resection - the importance of imaging and planning.

Complete tumour resection (R0 margin) is an axiom of surgical oncology. Oral cancer ablation is challenging, due to anatomical, functional, and aesthetic considerations. R0 margin is strongly linked to better survival outcomes with great variation in the R0 % across units.