Comparison of Novel and Traditional Bleeding Techniques in Neonatal and Juvenile Mice.

Blood collection is frequently used for neonatal and juvenile mice in toxicology, developmental, and immunology studies and is often a terminal procedure. However, the use of nonterminal blood collection techniques, including the submandibular and the submental collection techniques described for adult mice, may offer opportunities to reduce animal numbers and refine current methods. The use of the submental technique has not been described for neonatal or juvenile mice.

Gastrointestinal transit in thyroid disease.

Diarrhea and malabsorption are common manifestations of hyperthyroidism, whereas constipation or obstipation frequently occur in hypothyroidism. Abnormalities of gastrointestinal motility have been proposed as the primary cause of these complaints, but documentation has been conflicting and largely limited to observations of the transit time of a barium meal. We studied gastrointestinal transit time in fasting patients with thyroid dysfunction using the pulmonary excretion of H2 after the ingestion of a nonabsorbable carbohydrate, lactulose, as an indicator of the rate of transit to the colon.

Metabolism of carbon monoxide by the colonic flora of humans.

The metabolism of carbon monoxide by the colonic flora was investigated using human fecal homogenates. During anaerobic incubation, these homogenates rapidly consumed added carbon monoxide reducing the PCO level to a minimum of about 0.2 ppm.

The effect of anesthesia and laparotomy on blood flow to the stomach, small bowel, and colon of the dog.

The effect of anesthesia and laparotomy on the distribution of blood flow to the different tissue layers of the stomach, small bowel, and colon of the dog was studied using a double-isotope, microsphere technique. In conscious dogs total jejunal flow significantly exceeded both ileal and colonic flow. Mucosal flow comprised about two thirds of total gastric and small bowel flow, but less than half of colonic flow.