Virtual fractional flow reserve from coronary angiography: modeling the significance of coronary lesions: results from the VIRTU-1 (VIRTUal Fractional Flow Reserve From Coronary Angiography) study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a computer model that accurately predicts myocardial fractional flow reserve (FFR) from angiographic images alone, in patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) guided by FFR is superior to standard assessment alone. FFR-guided PCI results in improved clinical outcomes, a reduction in the number of stents implanted, and reduced cost.

@neurIST complex information processing toolchain for the integrated management of cerebral aneurysms.

Cerebral aneurysms are a multi-factorial disease with severe consequences. A core part of the European project @neurIST was the physical characterization of aneurysms to find candidate risk factors associated with aneurysm rupture. The project investigated measures based on morphological, haemodynamic and aneurysm wall structure analyses for more than 300 cases of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms, extracting descriptors suitable for statistical studies.

Fermi surface and order parameter driven vortex lattice structure transitions in twin-free YBa2Cu3O7.

We report on small-angle neutron scattering studies of the intrinsic vortex lattice (VL) structure in detwinned YBa2Cu3O7 at 2 K, and in fields up to 10.8 T. Because of the suppressed pinning to twin-domain boundaries, a new distorted hexagonal VL structure phase is stabilized at intermediate fields.

Spontaneous symmetry-breaking vortex lattice transitions in pure niobium.

We report an extensive investigation of magnetic vortex lattice (VL) structures in single crystals of pure niobium with the magnetic field applied parallel to a fourfold symmetry axis, so as to induce frustration between the cubic crystal symmetry and hexagonal VL coordination expected in an isotropic situation. We observe new VL structures and phase transitions; all the VL phases observed (including those with an exactly square unit cell) spontaneously break some crystal symmetry. One phase even has the lowest possible symmetry of a two-dimensional Bravais lattice.