Clinical Outcomes Through Two Years for Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Tracheomalacia.

Background: Tracheomalacia (TM) is common in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and associated with respiratory morbidity. Assessment of TM was historically via bronchoscopy, but recent studies demonstrate that ultrashort echo-time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can accurately assess TM in neonates.

Research Question: Do neonates with MRI-identified TM and BPD have increased respiratory morbidity through age 2 years?

Methods: We performed an observational cohort study of 54 subjects with BPD and assessed TM using UTE MRI at term-equivalent age.

Dual specific STAT3/5 degraders effectively block acute myeloid leukemia and natural killer/T cell lymphoma.

The transcription factors STAT3, STAT5A, and STAT5B steer hematopoiesis and immunity, but their enhanced expression and activation promote acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKCL). Current therapeutic strategies focus on blocking upstream tyrosine kinases to inhibit STAT3/5, but these kinase blockers are not selective against STAT3/5 activation and frequent resistance causes relapse, emphasizing the need for targeted drugs. We evaluated the efficacy of JPX-0700 and JPX-0750 as dual STAT3/5 binding inhibitors promoting protein degradation.

AMPK regulates Bcl2-L-13-mediated mitophagy induction for cardioprotection.

The accumulation of damaged mitochondria in the heart is associated with heart failure. Mitophagy is an autophagic degradation system that specifically targets damaged mitochondria. We have reported previously that Bcl2-like protein 13 (Bcl2-L-13) mediates mitophagy and mitochondrial fission in mammalian cells.

Endochondral ossification: Insights into the cartilage mineralization processes achieved by an anhydrous freeze substitution protocol.

Growth plate cartilage (GP) serves as a dynamic site of active mineralization and offers a unique opportunity to investigate the cell-regulated matrix mineralization process. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provides a means for the direct observation of these mechanisms, offering the necessary resolution and chemical analysis capabilities. However, as mineral crystallinity is prone to artifacts using aqueous fixation protocols, sample preparation techniques are critical to preserve the mineralized tissue in its native form.