Child bereavement-what matters to the families. Part 1: Immediate and short-term communication and care.

The death of a child is a complex and hugely significant time for a family and community. Sophisticated but sensitive management by clinicians can have both short-term and long-term impacts on how families process the death. There is a paucity of guidance for optimal child bereavement care.

Altered selection on a single self-ligand promotes susceptibility to organ-specific T cell infiltration.

For the large array of self-peptide/MHC class II (pMHC-II) complexes displayed in the body, it is unclear whether CD4+ T cell tolerance must be imparted for each individual complex or whether pMHC-II-nonspecific bystander mechanisms are sufficient to confer tolerance by acting broadly on T cells reactive to multiple self-pMHC-II ligands. Here, via reconstitution of T cell-deficient mice, we demonstrate that altered T cell selection on a single prostate-specific self-pMHC-II ligand renders recipient mice susceptible to prostate-specific T cell infiltration. Mechanistically, this self-pMHC-II complex is required for directing antigen-specific cells into the Foxp3+ regulatory T cell lineage but does not induce clonal deletion to a measurable extent.

COVID-19 and the case for global development.

COVID-19 accentuates the case for a global, rather than an international, development paradigm. The novel disease is a prime example of a development challenge for all countries, through the failure of public health as a global public good. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the falsity of any assumption that the global North has all the expertise and solutions to tackle global challenges, and has further highlighted the need for multi-directional learning and transformation in all countries towards a more sustainable and equitable world.

An evaluation of cetuximab dosing strategies using pharmacokinetics and cost analysis.

Objectives: Cetuximab dosing is based on body surface area (BSA), an approach that is associated with significant wastage due to available vial sizes. NHS England recently introduced an alternative strategy for cetuximab dosing based on dose banding. The aim of this work was to investigate approaches to cetuximab dosing to improve its cost-effectiveness.