Radon.

Radon is a radioactive gas that emanates from uranium-bearing soil and porous rock. Although radon is most highly concentrated in areas of high uranium concentration, the presence of trace amounts of uranium in most ground sources means that all humans are exposed to radon to some degree. Radon migrates out of soil and rock into the surrounding air, resulting in accumulation in poorly ventilated or closed areas.

Laryngeal cancer treatment and survival differences across regional cancer centres in Ontario, Canada.

Aims: We conducted a population-based study of practice patterns and outcome across the regional cancer centres providing care to patients with laryngeal cancer in the Province of Ontario, Canada.

Materials And Methods: : This was a retrospective cohort study of 1547 patients with cancers of the glottic or supraglottic larynx diagnosed between 1982 and 1995. Data were collected via chart review, including: patient and disease characteristics, treatment, waiting times and treatment volumes.

Apicoplast lipoic acid protein ligase B is not essential for Plasmodium falciparum.

Lipoic acid (LA) is an essential cofactor of alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes (KADHs) and the glycine cleavage system. In Plasmodium, LA is attached to the KADHs by organelle-specific lipoylation pathways. Biosynthesis of LA exclusively occurs in the apicoplast, comprising octanoyl-[acyl carrier protein]: protein N-octanoyltransferase (LipB) and LA synthase.

Augmenting continuing education with psychologically focused group consultation: Effects on adoption of group drug counseling.

This study examines whether adding psychologically focused group consultation to a standard 1-day continuing-education workshop on Group Drug Counseling (GDC), a group therapy with evidence of effectiveness in the treatment of substance abuse problems, improves GDC adoption. Counselors who had taken a 1-day workshop were randomly assigned to an 8-week course of group consultation that met for 1.5 hr per session (n = 16) or to no additional contact (n = 14).

Five year results of a randomized trial comparing hyperfractionated to conventional radiotherapy over four weeks in locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Background And Purpose: Fractionation strategies delivered over 4 weeks are of clinical and radiobiological interest because treatment is completed before radiotherapy (RT) induced clonogen proliferation commences in earnest approximately 3 to 4 weeks into a course of RT. We wished to test the clinical hypothesis that an increased total dose delivered over 4 weeks with smaller than standard doses per fraction in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) may result in relative protection of late responding tissues and an increased tumor control compared to a conventional daily course in the same overall time.

Materials And Methods: Between 1988 and 1995 a randomized controlled trial employing RT alone was undertaken at the Princess Margaret Hospital that included 331 eligible patients with T3 or T4 N0 or any N-positive oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx primary SCC.