A multi-institutional retrospective cohort of adult-onset medulloblastoma in the modern era.

Background: Adult onset medulloblastoma (aMB) is a rare tumor with limited available evidence. We present a large multi-institutional retrospective cohort of aMB patients treated in the modern era, with an emphasis on understanding the role of chemotherapy at initial diagnosis.

Methods: We included 267 consecutive patients with aMB treated at 7 different institutions from 2000-present, controlling for chemotherapy regimen and cycles received.

Plasma Transcriptome Profile Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease Progression.

Introduction: Understanding the molecular signals associated with the progression of kidney disease is vital for risk stratification and targeted treatment. Recent advances in RNA-sequencing technique have enabled us to characterize extracellular transcriptome profiles for precision diagnostics.

Method: We evaluated the plasma mRNA profile of participants exhibiting slow (n = 119) and fast (n = 119) decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) in a nested case control study.

Popliteal-distal bypass affords better limb salvage than tibial angioplasty for chronic limb-threatening ischemia.

Objective: Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) due to isolated tibial occlusive disease is treated by either popliteal-distal bypass (PDB) or tibial angioplasty (TA), although there is limited data directly comparing efficacy and outcomes between these two treatment modalities. This study compares 30-day mortality and major adverse limb events following infrapopliteal bypass and TA in patients with CLTI.

Methods: Patients who underwent PDB for CLTI were extracted from American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program targeted lower extremity open database, whereas patient with CLTI who underwent isolated TA were identified in the targeted lower extremity endovascular database.

Aldehydes alter TGF-β signaling and induce obesity and cancer.

Obesity and fatty liver diseases-metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-affect over one-third of the global population and are exacerbated in individuals with reduced functional aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), observed in approximately 560 million people. Current treatment to prevent disease progression to cancer remains inadequate, requiring innovative approaches. We observe that Aldh2 and Aldh2Sptbn1 mice develop phenotypes of human metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MASH with accumulation of endogenous aldehydes such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE).