Publications by authors named "R I Schnall"
Objective: To identify demographic, social, and clinical factors associated with HIV self-management and evaluate whether the CHAMPS intervention is associated with changes in an individual's HIV self-management.
Method: This study was a secondary data analysis from a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of the CHAMPS, a mHealth intervention with community health worker sessions, on HIV self-management in New York City (NYC) and Birmingham. Group comparisons and linear regression analyses identified demographic, social, and clinical factors associated with HIV self-management.
Our study was designed to update the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire by incorporating pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) knowledge questions, as previous HIV knowledge tools lack this focus. Four rounds of Delphi surveys were conducted with 47 expert participants, each with extensive HIV-related expertise (mean experience: 18.94 years).
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- The HIV incidence rate is rising among youth, particularly young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and young transgender women (YTW), necessitating a deeper understanding of their HIV prevention intentions.
- Behavioral intentions impact key practices such as condom use and PrEP usage, and different sociodemographic factors influence these intentions, highlighting the need to identify barriers and facilitators in HIV prevention.
- A study identified four distinct classes of HIV prevention intentions among vulnerable youth, revealing significant variations based on age, sexual orientation, education, income, and living arrangements, indicating that those with no recent HIV testing or PrEP use are at higher risk for HIV infection.
Background: Using a theoretically-grounded approach to the epidemiological study of HIV incidence among a national, diverse sample of sexual and gender minority (SGM) men (age 17 -29 years), as well as examining HIV incidence through an innovative geospatial lens, is of considerable public health significance. Our overarching objectives are to assemble a U.S.
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- Progress has been made in reducing HIV rates among cisgender women, but the goal of eliminating new cases has not yet been achieved.
- The study aims to recruit 1,800 diverse women at higher risk for HIV using social media and community-driven ads to explore factors influencing HIV-related sexual risk.
- The research will collect demographic and health data, along with biological specimens, and aims to develop effective strategies for improving access to HIV prevention and treatment services for this group.