Publications by authors named "R I LAWTON"
Exposure to infectious disease in early life may have long-term ramifications for health and mortality. This study leverages quasi-experimental variation from the Rockefeller Sanitary Commission's de-worming campaign in the early 20th century, combined with pre-campaign hookworm prevalence, to rigorously examine the impacts of childhood hookworm exposure on later-life morbidity and lifespan. Pre-intervention surveys find widespread hookworm exposure among children in the American South, but minimal prevalence among adults.
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- Emergency doctors experience high levels of uncertainty due to limited patient information and time constraints, prompting a study on how 'uncertainty tolerance' (UT) affects their work.
- A questionnaire was distributed among emergency doctors to develop a UT measure and analyze its impact on doctors' experience, patient outcomes, and resource utilization during encounters with specific medical issues.
- Findings showed that higher UT is associated with better psychological well-being among doctors, such as increased resilience and lower burnout, but it did not significantly influence patient outcomes or resource usage.
Article Synopsis
- Covid-19 led to unprecedented redeployment of nurses, prompting a need to understand how they managed this experience and its impact on their well-being and job performance.
- A study involving 62 nurses from diverse NHS Trusts in England used interviews and surveys to analyze their experiences over two years, focusing on their psychological distress, burnout, and turnover intentions.
- The research revealed three distinct "sensemaking journeys" regarding the nurses' identities, with those maintaining strong organizational identification experiencing better overall outcomes compared to those whose organizational connection weakened.
Background: Healthcare staff adapt to challenges faced when delivering healthcare by using workarounds. Sometimes, safety standards, the very things used to routinely mitigate risk in healthcare, are the obstacles that staff work around. While workarounds have negative connotations, there is an argument that, in some circumstances, they contribute to the delivery of safe care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Providing feedback to healthcare professionals and organisations on performance or patient outcomes may improve care quality and professional development, particularly in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) where professionals make autonomous, complex decisions and current feedback provision is limited. This study aimed to determine the content and outcomes of feedback in EMS by measuring feedback prevalence, identifying predictors of receiving feedback, categorising feedback outcomes and determining predictors of feedback efficacy.
Methods: An observational mixed-methods study was used.