Effectiveness of Interventions to Increase Provider Monitoring of Endotracheal Tube and Laryngeal Mask Airway Cuff Pressures.

Previous research demonstrates that monitoring and adjusting pressures in endotracheal (ET) tubes 30 cm H2O or less and laryngeal mask airways (LMAs) 60 cm H2O or less decrease rates of postoperative pharyngolaryngeal complications. In this evidencebased practice project we examined whether a multistep intervention (departmental education plus reference cards in operating rooms plus addition of cuff pressure documentation variable in electronic anesthesia record) would increase the frequency of providers monitoring intracuff pressures and decrease the rate of high intracuff pressures. Before and after the intervention, we recorded intracuff pressures of 51 ET tubes and 51 LMAs in surgical patients, as well as providers’ self-reported incidence of monitoring and adjusting intracuff pressures.

Different virulence of is attributed to the ability of escape from neutrophil extracellular traps by secretion of DNase.

is an important opportunistic fungus causing both disseminated and local infections. The discovery of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has presented a new strategy to kill microorganisms in host's innate immune response. Although it has been reported that NETs can trap and kill both yeast and hyphal forms of , the mechanism by which escape from NETs has not been fully understood.

Abnormal thymic maturation and lymphoproliferation in MRL-Fas mice can be partially reversed by synthetic oligonucleotides: implications for systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome.

MRL-Fas mice represent an excellent animal model for studying non-malignant lymphoproliferation, regeneration and systemic autoimmunity. Retro-transposon insertion into the second intron of the pro-apoptotic Fas gene appears to be responsible for both lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity, while other genes are more likely to contribute to the regenerative healing characteristic of this mouse strain. Previous studies have shown that neonatal thymectomy can halt the development of abnormal lymphoproliferation.

An atypical role for the myeloid receptor Mincle in central nervous system injury.

The C-type lectin Mincle is implicated in innate immune responses to sterile inflammation, but its contribution to associated pathologies is not well understood. Herein, we show that Mincle exacerbates neuronal loss following ischemic but not traumatic spinal cord injury. Loss of Mincle was beneficial in a model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion but did not alter outcomes following heart or gut ischemia.

Mincle polarizes human monocyte and neutrophil responses to Candida albicans.

The distribution and function of the C-type lectin Mincle has not previously been investigated in human cells, although mouse models have demonstrated a non-redundant role for Mincle in the host response to fungal infections. This study identified an unusual pattern of reciprocal expression of Mincle on peripheral blood monocytes or neutrophils isolated from the same donor. Expression on monocytes was inversely correlated with phagocytosis and yeast killing, but was necessary for the induction of inflammatory cytokines in response to ex vivo Candida challenge.