Changing perspectives: enhancing learning efficacy with the after-action review in virtual reality training for police.

The After-Action Review (AAR) in Virtual Reality (VR) training for police provides new opportunities to enhance learning. We investigated whether perspectives (bird's eye & police officer, bird's eye & suspect, bird's eye) and line of fire displayed in the AAR impacted the officers' learning efficacy. A 3 x 2 ANOVA revealed a significant main effect of AAR perspectives.

No pain, no gain? The effects of adding a pain stimulus in virtual training for police officers.

Virtual training systems provide highly realistic training environments for police. This study assesses whether a pain stimulus can enhance the training responses and sense of the presence of these systems. Police officers ( = 219) were trained either with or without a pain stimulus in a 2D simulator (VirTra V-300) and a 3D virtual reality (VR) system.

Blame it on her 'baby brain'? Investigating the contents of social stereotypes about pregnant women's warmth and competence.

The Stereotype Content Model proposes that social stereotypes broadly exist along two dimensions: warmth and competence. This framework has been used to investigate the contents of stereotypes of gendered groups in a range of contexts. However, it has not been extensively applied to perceptions of pregnant women.

Shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humeral fracture treatment: a retrospective functional outcome analysis.

Purpose: Following proximal humeral fractures hemiarthroplasty (HA) or reversed total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) are performed if osteosynthesis or conservative treatment is not possible. HA has been reported to result in decreased functional outcomes compared with rTSA. Secondary shoulder arthroplasty, performed after a different initial treatment, has also been associated with inferior outcomes.

Goal prioritization and behavior change: Evaluation of an intervention for multiple health behaviors.

Objectives: Goal prioritization is a promising strategy for promoting health behavior change. The present research (a) tested whether goal prioritization engenders change in multiple health behaviors, (b) compared the effectiveness of prioritizing one versus two health behavior goals, and (c) assessed whether prioritization compromises the performance of nonprioritized behaviors.

Method: Participants (N = 1,802) were randomly allocated to one of two intervention conditions (prioritize one vs.