[New eating habits, new parasitic risks: The example of fish].

Introduction: In the past decades, the massive explosion of "Japanese" restaurants serving raw fish popularised new culinary habits in France. At the same time, consumers have made a habit of preparing raw or pickled fish dishes themselves at home. As a result, the identification of live parasitic worm larvae in raw fish flesh is common and a source of concern for professionals or amateur cooks.

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Among human parasites, some are also hosted by wild animals which can play a role in their transmission. Different rodents are well known as reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis or of multilocular echinococcosis. But some other groups as fish, can also carry parasites; herrings causes anisakiasis in North Europe, but fresh water fishes do the same for Diphyllobothrium in alpine lakes.

Culicoides and the Tartar Steppe: Il Deserto dei Tartari Culicoides and the spread of blue tongue virus.

Culicoides were described for the first time in England in 1713, but named by Latreille in 1809 only. Even so, they were better known as Ceratopogon until Kieffer reintroduced the name Culicoides. The family name became Ceratopogonidae, the description by Meigen (1803) being better adapted to that systematic level.

Leishmania major and HIV co-infection in Burkina Faso.

The incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has increased in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso since 1996. A study was carried out from September to November 2000 to determine the impact of HIV on this outbreak. Of 74 CL patients, 10 were co-infected with HIV.