Music-experience-related and musical-error-dependent activations in the brain.

Although music is one of human-unique traits such as language, its neural basis for cortical organization has not been well understood. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we tested an error-detection task with different types of musical error (pitch, tempo, stress, and articulation conditions) and examined three groups of secondary school students having different levels of music experience. First, we observed distinct activation patterns under these music conditions, such that specific activations under the pitch condition were consistently replicated for all tested groups in the auditory areas, as well as in the left language areas under the articulation condition.

Prediction of subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm by discriminant analysis in women.

Background: Using a discriminant analysis study of Japanese women, we sought to construct a predictive model of individuals who are at a higher risk factor of the occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm.

Methods: Patients consisted of a consecutive series of 124 female patients with first spontaneous SAH aged 30 to 79 years and aneurysm or aneurysms confirmed by angiography, computed tomography scan, or both at two medical hospitals in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, from April 1992 to March 1997. Community control subjects were identified, and matched to each patient by age (+/-2 years).

The joint effect of oxidative stress and antioxidants on the risk of an aneurysmal rupture subarachnoid hemorrhage: a case-control study in Japan.

Purpose: A case-control study was conducted in Japan to examine the joint effects of oxidative stress and antioxidants on the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: The study included 201 consecutive patients with first spontaneous SAH aged 30 to 79 years who had aneurysm(s) confirmed by angiography and/or computed tomographic scan and were admitted to two medical hospitals in Nagoya, Japan, from April 1992 to March 1997. Community control subjects were identified and matched to each case by gender and age (+/-2 years).

Dietary antioxidant intake and risk of an aneurysmal rupture subarachnoid hemorrhage in Japan.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in a case-control study. An antioxidant intake score was calculated for individual values for each food group (soy products, green yellow-vegetables, fruits, boiled rice and tea) collected by a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Incident SAH cases (n=201) were identified and individually matched for age (+/-2 years) and gender to community (n=201) controls from April 1992 to March 1997.

Soy products and risk of an aneurysmal rupture subarachnoid hemorrhage in Japan.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between soy products and the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage in a case-control study.

Design: A case-control study was conducted.

Methods: Incident subarachnoid hemorrhage cases (n = 201) were identified and individually matched on age (+/- 2 years) and sex to community (n = 201) controls from April 1992 to March 1997.