Forest restoration and fuels reduction work: Different pathways for achieving success in the Sierra Nevada.

Fire suppression and past selective logging of large trees have fundamentally changed frequent-fire-adapted forests in California. The culmination of these changes produced forests that are vulnerable to catastrophic change by wildfire, drought, and bark beetles, with climate change exacerbating this vulnerability. Management options available to address this problem include mechanical treatments (Mech), prescribed fire (Fire), or combinations of these treatments (Mech + Fire).

Irradiated Mammary Spheroids Elucidate Mechanisms of Macrophage-Mediated Breast Cancer Recurrence.

Introduction: While most patients with triple negative breast cancer receive radiation therapy to improve outcomes, a significant subset of patients continue to experience recurrence. Macrophage infiltration into radiation-damaged sites has been shown to promote breast cancer recurrence in pre-clinical models. However, the mechanisms that drive recurrence are unknown.

Metabolomics reveals diet-derived plant polyphenols accumulate in physiological bone.

Plant-derived secondary metabolites consumed in the diet, especially polyphenolic compounds, are known to have a range of positive health effects. They are present in circulation after ingestion and absorption and can be sequestered into cells within particular organs, but have rarely been investigated systematically in osteological tissues. However, a small number of polyphenols and similar molecules are known to bind to bone.

Nasal unsedated seated percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (nuPEG): a safe and effective technique for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement in high-risk candidates.

Objective: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement is associated with a high risk of cardiorespiratory complications in patients with significant respiratory compromise. This study reports a case series of high-risk patients undergoing PEG placement using a modified technique-nasal unsedated seated PEG (nuPEG) placement.

Design: Retrospective review of 67 patients at high risk of complications undergoing PEG placement between September 2012 and December 2016.

Nitrogen isotopic discrimination in dietary amino acids: The threonine anomaly.

Rationale: The "Threonine Anomaly" relates to an observation made 25 years ago on the change in Thr nitrogen isotopic ratio in mammalian metabolism. Unlike all other amino acids, Thr in body protein is found to be depleted (rather than enriched) in N relative to dietary Thr. Interpreting isotopic discrimination has become a useful source of ecological and palaeodietary information and it is desirable that the underlying processes are understood.