Exploration of bioactive molecules from Sesbania grandiflora (L.): identification of squalene as an effective compound against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, through molecular docking.

Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch is a devastating polyphagous mite causing considerable economic loss. Acaricides are showered in crops to manage this pest. The pest is known for developing resistance to several classical acaricides.

Hydrophobic forces at play: insights into AmelOBP4 and brood volatile interactions in hygienic behavior.

Understanding the intricate processes underlying olfaction necessitates unraveling the complexities of odorant binding protein's interactions with volatile compounds triggering hygienic behavior in , This study delves into the intricate processes of olfaction by focusing on the interactions between Odorant Binding Protein 4 (AmelOBP4) and volatile compounds associated with hygienic behavior, employing a comprehensive computational approach. Molecular docking analyses reveal detailed binding interactions, emphasizing the significance of hydrophobic interactions and specific amino acid residues in stabilizing AmelOBP4-volatile complexes, notably with 2-nonacosanone (-8.4 kcal/mol) and hexacosyl acetate (-8.

Field Exploration for Colony Selection: Evaluating Hygienic Behavior in Colonies.

Hygienic behavior (HB) emerges as a pivotal trait, impacting colony resistance to diseases. This study aimed to understand the behavioral traits of colonies, with a focus on HB and other key characteristics crucial for colony health, and to screen and identify colonies with superior hygienic behavior and better performance to combat prevailing diseases and pests. This research spans a comprehensive field analysis with different seasons and locations, encompassing the distinct environmental and management factors that influence honey bee behavior.