Partial substitution of red meat or processed meat with plant-based foods and the risk of colorectal cancer.

Objectives: Shifting from animal-based to plant-based diets could reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. Currently, the impacts of these dietary shifts on CRC risk are ill-defined. Therefore, we examined partial substitutions of red or processed meat with whole grains, vegetables, fruits or a combination of these in relation to CRC risk in Finnish adults.

Whole grain intake, diet quality and risk factors of chronic diseases: results from a population-based study in Finnish adults.

Objectives: Better diet quality of whole grain consumers could contribute to the associations between whole grain intake and chronic disease risk factors. We examined whole grain intake in relation to diet quality and chronic disease risk factors (anthropometrics, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein and glucose) and the role of diet quality in whole grains' associations with each risk factor.

Methods: Our data included 5094 Finnish adults who completed a validated food frequency questionnaire and participated in a health examination within the National FinHealth 2017 Study.

Different carbohydrate exposures and weight gain-results from a pooled analysis of three population-based studies.

Background: The role of carbohydrate quantity and quality in weight gain remains unsolved, and research on carbohydrate subcategories is scarce. We examined total carbohydrates, dietary fiber, total sugar, and sucrose intake in relation to the risk of weight gain in Finnish adults.

Methods: Our data comprised 8327 adults aged 25-70 years in three population-based prospective cohorts.

The relation of whole grain surrogate estimates and food definition to total whole grain intake in the Finnish adult population.

Objectives: Challenges in estimating total whole grain intake have led to the use of surrogate estimates, of which accuracy has not been assessed. We examined the suitability of five potential surrogates (dietary fiber; bread; rye bread; rye, oat and barley combined; rye) and a whole grain food definition to measure total whole grain intake in the Finnish adult population.

Methods: Our data comprised 5094 Finnish adults participating in the national FinHealth 2017 Study.

Association between added sugar intake and overall diet quality in the Finnish adult population.

Added sugar intake has been associated with several health issues, but few studies have examined its association with overall diet quality. We aimed at examining the association between added sugar intake and overall diet quality in Finnish adults. Associations between added sugar intake and sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors, and BMI were also explored.