Three previously unrecognised classes of biosynthetic enzymes revealed during the production of xenovulene A.

Xenovulene A is a complex fungal meroterpenoid, produced by the organism hitherto known as Acremonium strictum IMI 501407, for which limited biosynthetic evidence exists. Here, we generate a draft genome and show that the producing organism is previously unknown and should be renamed as Sarocladium schorii. A biosynthetic gene cluster is discovered which bears resemblance to those involved in the biosynthesis of fungal tropolones, with additional genes of unknown function.

Classic fungal natural products in the genomic age: the molecular legacy of Harold Raistrick.

Covering: 1893 to 2017Harold Raistrick was involved in the discovery of many of the most important classes of fungal metabolites during the 20th century. This review focusses on how these discoveries led to developments in isotopic labelling, biomimetic chemistry and the discovery, analysis and exploitation of biosynthetic gene clusters for major classes of fungal metabolites including: alternariol; geodin and metabolites of the emodin pathway; maleidrides; citrinin and the azaphilones; dehydrocurvularin; mycophenolic acid; and the tropolones. Key recent advances in the molecular understanding of these important pathways, including the discovery of biosynthetic gene clusters, the investigation of the molecular and chemical aspects of key biosynthetic steps, and the reengineering of key components of the pathways are reviewed and compared.

Can Unenhanced CT Findings Predict Interventional Versus Conservative Treatment in Acute Renal Colic?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the value of clinical parameters and radiologic findings on unenhanced CT to the choice between interventional and conservative management for patients with acute renal colic.

Materials And Methods: Unenhanced CT records of 183 consecutive patients with acute renal colic were retrospectively reviewed. Urolithiasis was confirmed at both unenhanced CT and clinical follow-up findings of 80 patients (study group).

Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Ethical and Professional Dilemmas in a Psychiatric Hospital Under Missile Attacks.

Background: Israeli hospitals must continuously develop various mechanisms to protect both patients and staff against the physical threat of missile attacks during war situations.

Objectives: To examine the difficulties and dilemmas with which the staff of a psychiatric hospital had to deal during missile attacks.

Design: A quality improvement project consisting of three stages (1) establishment of a steering committee; (2) execution of a staff nurses' focus group; and (3) categorization of issues raised and suggestions for care improvement in future emergencies.

Nurses Teaching Prison Officers: A Workshop to Reduce the Stigmatization of Prison Inmates With Mental Illness.

Purpose: This report describes and evaluates the effectiveness of a nurse-led workshop designed to improve correctional officers' stigmatizing attitude toward inmates with mental illness.

Design And Methods: Eighty-three prison officers attended a 6-day workshop targeting the cognitive, psychoeducational, and behavioral components of publicly expressed stigma, and combining theoretical learning, observational experience on psychiatric wards, frontal lectures, case reviews, discussions, peer supervision, and simulations. The workshop's impact was measured systematically using a structured self-administered questionnaire examining cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of stigmatization.