Inclusion of Health in Impact Assessment: A Review of Current Practice in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Natural resource extraction projects, including those in the mining sector, have various effects on human health and wellbeing, with communities in resource-rich areas in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) being particularly vulnerable. While impact assessments (IA) can predict and mitigate negative effects, it is unclear whether and to what extent health aspects are included in current IA practice in SSA. For collecting IA reports, we contacted 569 mining projects and 35 ministries regulating the mining sector.

Investigating Health Impacts of Natural Resource Extraction Projects in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mozambique, and Tanzania: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Natural resource extraction projects offer both opportunities and risks for sustainable development and health in host communities. Often, however, the health of the community suffers. Health impact assessment (HIA) can mitigate the risks and promote the benefits of development but is not routinely done in the developing regions that could benefit the most.

A study of modified lymphatics in the deep cortex of ruminant lymph nodes.

Ruminant lymph nodes, except when very small, were found to have a system of smooth-walled channels in the periphery of the 'deep cortical units' defined by Bélisle & Sainte-Marie (1981 a,b). Each channel originated with many 'blind' branches in the subnodular layer of the cortex and ended by joining a medullary sinus. The wall consisted of a continuous endothelial lining, a sometimes thin or discontinuous basement membrane without a basal lamina, and at least one layer of flattened reticular fibroblasts.

A technique for the description of projections of internal organs onto the exposed surface of animals.

The need for exact knowledge of the projections of internal organs onto the surface of animals is emphasized, for clinical veterinary medicine as well as for hunting purposes. A method is described for outlining the projections of dissected anatomical structures onto the exposed surface, on a photograph of the undisturbed animal in a natural standing position.