Exploring Perceptions of Early-Career Psychiatrists About Their Relationships With the Pharmaceutical Industry.

Objectives: The pharmaceutical industry has engaged physicians through medical education, patient care, and medical research. New conflict of interest policy has highlighted the challenges to these relationships. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions that early career psychiatrists (e.

Long-term Outcomes of 2-Level Total Disc Replacement Using ProDisc-L: Nine- to 10-Year Follow-up.

Study Design: A prospective clinical data analysis.

Objective: To determine the long-term clinical success of 2-level total disc replacement (TDR) in patients with degenerative disc disease.

Summary Of Background Data: Early successful clinical results of 2-level TDR have been reported.

Segmental contribution toward total cervical range of motion: a comparison of cervical disc arthroplasty and fusion.

Study Design: Prospective radiographic evaluation of patients that underwent cervical total disc replacement (TDR-C) or anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for one-level cervical disc disease.

Objective: To evaluate the following: (1) total cervical range of motion (ROM) from C2 to C7, and (2) the relative contribution to total cervical ROM from the operative level and each adjacent level after one-level TDR-C or ACDF.

Summary Of Background Data: The development of symptomatic adjacent segment disease after ACDF has served as the impetus for the development of motion-preserving alternatives, most notably cervical disc arthroplasty.

Prospective, randomized, multicenter Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption study of the ProDisc-L total disc replacement compared with circumferential arthrodesis for the treatment of two-level lumbar degenerative disc disease: results at twenty-four months.

Background: Disc replacement arthroplasty previously has been shown to be an effective alternative to spine fusion for the treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative disc disease. The purpose of the present study was to determine the twenty-four-month results of a clinical trial of the ProDisc-L total disc replacement as compared with spinal fusion for the treatment of degenerative disc disease at two contiguous vertebral levels from L3 to S1.

Methods: A total of 237 patients were treated in a randomized controlled trial designed as a non-inferiority study for regulatory application purposes.

T1ρ magnetic resonance imaging and discography pressure as novel biomarkers for disc degeneration and low back pain.

Study Design: Prospective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of patients low back pain (LBP) requiring discography as part of their routine clinical diagnoses and asymptomatic age-matched volunteers.

Objective: To determine whether T1ρ MRI and discography opening pressure (OP) are quantitative biomarkers of disc degeneration in LBP patients and in asymptomatic volunteers.

Summary Of Background Data: Disc degenerative disease, a common cause of LBP, is related to the patient's prognosis and serves as a target for therapeutic interventions.