Residents-as-teachers curricula: a critical review.

Purpose: Residents serve as medical students' primary teachers for practical clinical skills. The purpose of this study is to provide an updated systematic review of the literature on residents-as-teachers curricula to determine the most evidence-based curricula and evaluation strategy.

Method: In 2008, the authors performed a systematic review of the literature with PubMed using the MESH terms "internship and residency" and "teaching," as well as a key word search of the term "residents as teachers.

How much money can early prenatal care for teen pregnancies save?: a cost-benefit analysis.

Background: Pregnant teens in the United States are at high risk for not obtaining prenatal care and for having low-birth weight deliveries. This observation suggests that significant cost savings might be realized if teens were able to obtain prenatal care in a timely fashion.

Methods: To determine the optimal time for teens to start prenatal care, we conducted a cost-benefit analysis from the perspective of Medicaid, the predominant payer for pregnancy-related services for teens.

Prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke.

Recurrent ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack are common problems in primary care, with stroke survivors averaging 10 outpatient visits per year. Risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia should be evaluated during each office visit. Attention should be given to lifestyle modification including management of obesity, smoking cessation, reduction in alcohol consumption, and promotion of physical activity.

Impact of emergency department volume on registered nurse time at the bedside.

Study Objective: We determine how emergency department (ED) registered nurses (RNs) allocate their time between various tasks and describe how RN task distribution changes as a function of various measures of ED patient volume and patient acuity.

Methods: This is a 3-year direct observational study using a convenience sample of 63 8-hour nurse shifts. Four RN task categories were defined: (1) direct patient care, (2) indirect patient care, (3) non-RN care, and (4) personal time.

Sensitization of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to jenseniin G by sublethal injury.

Jenseniin G, a bacteriocin produced by Propionibacterium thoenii P126, is active against related propionibacteria and some lactic acid bacteria and is sporostatic to botulinal spores. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sublethal stress on jenseniin G activity. Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica were subjected to temperature, acid, and osmotic stresses in the presence of jenseniin G.