Establishing best practices in large language model research: an application to repeat prompting.

Objectives: We aimed to demonstrate the importance of establishing best practices in large language model research, using repeat prompting as an illustrative example.

Materials And Methods: Using data from a prior study investigating potential model bias in peer review of medical abstracts, we compared methods that ignore correlation in model outputs from repeated prompting with a random effects method that accounts for this correlation.

Results: High correlation within groups was found when repeatedly prompting the model, with intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.

Visible light-mediated formal alkylation and [4+1]-cycloaddition strategies of silyl enol ethers with aryldiazoacetates.

A reaction sequence of visible light-mediated cyclopropanation/acid-promoted ring-opening is described for the formal alkylation of silyl enol ethers with aryldiazoacetates. Under the same conditions, the Danishefsky's diene can react with aryldiazoacetates to afford [4+1]-cycloaddition adducts. Key mechanistic aspects are proposed based on experimental evidence and DFT calculations.

Criterion validity of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria for malnutrition diagnosis compared with the Subjective Global Assessment: Results from a large observational study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the criterion validity of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria compared to the subjective global assessment in a diverse inpatient population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was a retrospective analysis of point prevalence audit data. The prevalence of malnutrition determined by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria was compared to the Subjective Global Assessment.

Embolic complications in a large contemporary cohort of infective endocarditis: do we need score model?

Purpose: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a heterogeneous disease undergoing epidemiological changes. Whether those changes have an impact on the correlates of embolic events (EE) remains unclear. We analyzed the correlates of EE and proposed a diagnostic score model in a large contemporary cohort.