Coincident PAMM and AMN and Insights Into a Common Pathophysiology.

Purpose: To analyze imaging characteristics and the clinical course of patients demonstrating coincident lesions of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) and acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) in the same eye.

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Methods: Lesions from patients presenting with coincident PAMM and AMN in the same eye were evaluated with multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Dead space reduction by Kolobow's endotracheal tube does not justify the waiving of volume monitoring in small, ventilated lungs.

In ventilated preterm infants the flow sensor contributes significantly to the total apparatus dead space, which may impair gas exchange. The aim of the study was to quantify to which extent a dead space reduced Kolobow tube (KB) without flow sensor improves the gas exchange compared with a conventional ventilator circuit with flow sensor [Babylog 8000 (BL)]. In a cross-over trial in 14 tracheotomized, surfactant-depleted (saline lavage) and mechanically ventilated newborn piglets (age <12 h; body weight 705-1200 g) BL and KB was applied alternately for 15 min and blood gases were recorded.

Multimodal imaging in persistent placoid maculopathy.

Importance: Persistent placoid maculopathy (PPM) is a rare clinical entity with features that superficially resemble acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) and macular serpiginous choroidopathy. It is important to differentiate PPM from APMPPE because both conditions may appear similar at presentation.

Objective: To investigate the short-term and long-term retinal changes in patients with PPM using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), indocyanine green angiography (ICG-A), fluorescein angiography (FA), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF).

Unexplained vision loss following removal of epiretinal membrane.

Purpose: To report unexplained severe central vision loss accompanied by a dense central scotoma as an uncommon complication following epiretinal membrane removal.

Methods: Retrospective, multicentred, case series.

Results: Six patients underwent uncomplicated vitrectomy surgery between 2000 and 2007 at four separate retina practices for removal of an epiretinal membrane.

Integrative module-based family therapy: application and training.

The field of marriage and family therapy is currently at a crossroads. The challenge for contemporary therapists is how to incorporate the wisdom of previous models with the accountability that comes from evidence-based practice. The Integrative Module-Based Family Therapy treatment model provides a formalized series of steps that clinicians can use in their case planning and implementation.