Dysplasia in view of the cell cycle.

Dysplasia is linked to altered tissue architecture. The lesion belongs into the diagnostic field of human pathology and is highly relevant for the clinical physician, because it breaks the criteria of hyperplasia and regeneration. Dysplasia is a precancerous disorder leading in all probability to malignant transformation if not treated.

Genome instability in human tumorigenesis: microphotometry of interphase nuclei and pathologic mitoses reveals dysplasia.

Tumorigenesis goes with genome instability comprising point mutations and gross chromosome aberrations due to defective DNA repair mechanisms and multiple overrun of cell cycle checkpoints. Pathologic mitoses (CDFs) occur in human precancers and cancers and were detected by nuclear DNAs deviating more or less than 0.5 c from 4.

Reliability and significance of DNA measurements in interphase nuclei and division figures in histological sections.

DNA contents from single cells at interphase and division were analysed in histological sections and in imprints from 73 breast cancer specimens. Fetal livers from 18 terminations of normal pregnancies provided the standard for truly mitotic prophases, metaphases and telophases. The reliability of DNA quantities from image microphotometry was improved using paraffin-embedded tissue samples from which 4, 8 and 15 microns slices were Feulgen stained.

The DNA content of chromosome division figures and interphase nuclei classifies ulcerative colitis.

Long-standing ulcerative colitis is considered to be a precancerous condition. Therefore, a practical and reliable method is required for monitoring the progress of the disease. Liberation of the S-phase from karyokinesis occurs in DNA amplification and endoreplication, producing nuclei with more than 4 c DNA.