Systematic bone tool production at 1.5 million years ago.

Recent evidence indicates that the emergence of stone tool technology occurred before the appearance of the genus Homo and may potentially be traced back deep into the primate evolutionary line. Conversely, osseous technologies are apparently exclusive of later hominins from approximately 2 million years ago (Ma), whereas the earliest systematic production of bone tools is currently restricted to European Acheulean sites 400-250 thousand years ago. Here we document an assemblage of bone tools shaped by knapping found within a single stratigraphic horizon at Olduvai Gorge dated to 1.

Emergency department presentations related to asthma and allergic diseases in Central Queensland, Australia: a comparative analysis between First Nations Australians and Australians of other descents.

Objective: To examine the overall incidence rate and trends in emergency department (ED) presentations related to asthma and allergic diseases in regional Australia with a particular focus on First Nations Australians.

Design: A retrospective analysis of data from the Emergency Department Information System.

Setting: This study used data from 12 public hospitals in Central Queensland, Australia, a region encompassing regional, rural and remote outback areas.

Exploring evolutionary use of single residue switches for alternative product outcome in class II diterpene cyclases.

Class II diterpene cyclases (DTCs) define the widespread labdane-related diterpenoids. These are particularly prevalent in plants due to the requisite production of gibberellin (GA) phytohormones, specifically from gene duplication and neofunctionalization of the relevant DTC. Alteration of product outcome can be predicted/engineered to some extent by changes in the ancestral histidine-asparagine catalytic base dyad found in the ent-copalyl pyrophosphate (ent-CPP) synthases (CPSs) involved in GA biosynthesis.

Search for Magnetic Monopole Pair Production in Ultraperipheral Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC.

This Letter presents a search for highly ionizing magnetic monopoles in 262  μb^{-1} of ultraperipheral Pb+Pb collision data at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36  TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A new methodology that exploits the properties of clusters of hits reconstructed in the innermost silicon detector layers is introduced to study highly ionizing particles in heavy-ion data.

Quantitative vessel mapping on increment cores: a critical comparison of image acquisition methods.

Introduction: Quantitative wood anatomy is critical for establishing climate reconstruction proxies, understanding tree hydraulics, and quantifying carbon allocation. Its accuracy depends upon the image acquisition methods, which allows for the identification of the number and dimensions of vessels, fibres, and tracheids within a tree ring. Angiosperm wood is analysed with a variety of different image acquisition methods, including surface pictures, wood anatomical micro-sections, or X-ray computed micro-tomography.