Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) with mechanical strength and reduced flammability may also enable next-generation Li batteries with higher energy densities. However, conventional SPEs have fundamental limitations in terms of Li conductivity. While an imidazole functionalized polymer (PMS-Im) has been previously shown to have ionic conductivity related to the imidazole-Li coordination, herein we demonstrate that quaternization of this polymer to form an analogous imidazolium functionalized polymer (PMS-Im) more efficiently solvates lithium salts and plasticizes the polymer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIon-containing polymers are subject to a wide range of hydration conditions across electrochemical and water treatment applications. Significant work on dry polymer electrolytes for batteries and highly swollen membranes for water purification has informed our understanding of ion transport under extreme conditions. However, knowledge of intermediate conditions (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To investigate the adoption and sustained use of telehealth for managing early-onset scoliosis (EOS) during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A 35-question anonymous survey was emailed to 191 physician members of an international pediatric spine research group.
Results: Ninety seven clinicians completed the survey (51%).
During their final transformation, insects emerge from the pupal case and deploy their wings within minutes. The wings deploy from a compact origami structure, to form a planar and rigid blade that allows the insect to fly. Deployment is powered by a rapid increase in internal pressure, and by the subsequent flow of hemolymph into the deployable wing structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF