Prenatal developmental toxicity studies on fumes from oxidised asphalt (OA) in the rat.

The prenatal developmental toxicity of the fumes of oxidised asphalt (OA) was tested by nose-only inhalation in the rat. The test material was generated by collecting fumes from the headspace of storage tanks filled with OA. The composition of these fumes was matched to fumes sampled at a workplace where the same OA was applied in a pour-and-roll operation, representing occupational exposure with high concentrations of fumes to not underestimate the possible hazard.

Prenatal developmental toxicity studies on fumes from bitumen in the rat.

The prenatal developmental toxicity of bitumen fume was tested by nose-only inhalation in the rat. The fumes for exposure were collected from the headspace of a storage tank filled with a bitumen corresponding in composition to an anticipated worst-case occupational exposure. The composition of these fumes was compared to actual paving site fumes to ensure its representativeness for workplace exposures.

FR-900098, an antimalarial development candidate that inhibits the non-mevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, shows no evidence of acute toxicity and genotoxicity.

FR-900098 is an inhibitor of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) reductoisomerase, the second enzyme in the non-mevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. In previous studies, FR-900098 was shown to possess potent antimalarial activity in vitro and in a murine malaria model. In order to provide a basis for further preclinical and clinical development, we studied the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of FR-900098.

Unexpected brain lesions in lactating Sprague-Dawley rats in a Two-generation Inhalation Reproductive Toxicity Study with pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa).

The study presented was conducted following the reproductive study guideline OECD Guideline 416 Two-Generation Reproduction Toxicity Study. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 2000, 10,000 and 50,000 ppm of HFC-245fa. There was an unexpected mortality of lactating dams in the medium and high dose group beginning at day 10 of lactation.

Toxicity profile of the GATA-3-specific DNAzyme hgd40 after inhalation exposure.

DNAzymes are single-stranded catalytic DNA molecules that bind and cleave specific sequences in a target mRNA molecule. Their potential as novel therapeutic agents has been demonstrated in a variety of disease models. However, no studies have yet addressed their toxicology and safety pharmacology profiles in detail.