Publications by authors named "R Francavilla"
the intestinal microbiota, a complex community vital to human health, is shaped by microbial competition and host-driven selective pressures. Among these microbes, plays a crucial role in early gut colonization during neonatal stages, where subspecies () predominates and is particularly prevalent in healthy breastfed infants. as we embark on a new era in nutrition of the pediatric population, this study seeks to examine the existing understanding regarding , encompassing both preclinical insights and clinical evidence.
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- - Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes memory loss and early changes in hippocampal function, particularly involving GABAergic interneurons (INs) that help regulate network activity.
- - Type 3 interneuron-specific (I-S3) cells in the hippocampus, which play a key role in memory by disinhibiting excitatory cells, show altered firing patterns in AD-affected mice.
- - While the physical structure of I-S3 cells remains unchanged, their firing rates decrease and action potentials become elongated, leading to disrupted activity in CA1 circuits, suggesting these changes may contribute to early AD progression.
There is increasing evidence indicating that changes in both the composition and functionality of the intestinal microbiome are closely associated with the development of several chronic inflammatory diseases, with celiac disease (CeD) being particularly noteworthy. Thanks to the advent of culture-independent methodologies, the ability to identify and quantify the diverse microbial communities residing within the human body has been significantly improved. However, in the context of CeD, a notable challenge lies in characterizing the specific microbiota present on the mucosal surfaces of the intestine, rather than relying solely on fecal samples, which may not fully represent the relevant microbial populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: In different countries, the exact prevalence of people that refer symptoms after gluten ingestion is increasing and the unavailability of reliable laboratory tests to diagnose the condition known as nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) has opened the door to the spread of survey-based studies to hypothesize a prevalence of this condition with highly discordant results. We aim to describe the attitude toward gluten consumption in a large population of young adults in Italy.
Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 Italian cities to investigate the dietary attitudes of more than 9,400 people distributed throughout the country about gluten consumption.