A novel translational bioinformatics framework for facilitating multimodal data analyses in preclinical models of neurological injury.

Pediatric neurological injury and disease is a critical public health issue due to increasing rates of survival from primary injuries (e.g., cardiac arrest, traumatic brain injury) and a lack of monitoring technologies and therapeutics for treatment of secondary neurological injury.

Amplitude spectrum area is dependent on the electrocardiogram magnitude: evaluation of different normalization approaches.

Amplitude Spectrum Area (AMSA) of the electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform during ventricular fibrillation (VF) has shown promise as a predictor of defibrillation success during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, AMSA relies on the magnitude of the ECG waveform, raising concerns about reproducibility across different settings that may introduce magnitude bias. This study aimed to evaluate different AMSA normalization approaches and their impact on removing bias while preserving predictive value.

Modified Beer-Lambert algorithm to measure pulsatile blood flow, critical closing pressure, and intracranial hypertension.

We introduce a frequency-domain modified Beer-Lambert algorithm for diffuse correlation spectroscopy to non-invasively measure flow pulsatility and thus critical closing pressure (CrCP). Using the same optical measurements, CrCP was obtained with the new algorithm and with traditional nonlinear diffusion fitting. Results were compared to invasive determination of intracranial pressure (ICP) in piglets (n = 18).

Novel High-tech, Low-cost Ventilation for Military Use, Mass Casualty Incidents, Stockpiling, and Underserved Communities.

Introduction: Despite the significant need for mechanical ventilation in- and out-of-hospital, mechanical ventilators remain inaccessible in many instances because of cost or size constraints. Mechanical ventilation is especially critical in trauma scenarios, but the impractical size and weight of standard mechanical ventilators restrict first responders from carrying them in medical aid bags, leading to reliance on imprecise manual bag-mask ventilation. This is particularly important in combat-related injury, where airway compromise and respiratory failure are leading causes of preventable death, but medics are left without necessary mechanical ventilation.

Chassis-based fiber-coupled optical probe design for reproducible quantitative diffuse optical spectroscopy measurements.

Advanced optical neuromonitoring of cerebral hemodynamics with hybrid diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) methods holds promise for non-invasive characterization of brain health in critically ill patients. However, the methods' fiber-coupled patient interfaces (probes) are challenging to apply in emergent clinical scenarios that require rapid and reproducible attachment to the head. To address this challenge, we developed a novel chassis-based optical probe design for DOS/DCS measurements and validated its measurement accuracy and reproducibility against conventional, manually held measurements of cerebral hemodynamics in pediatric swine (n = 20).