Optimizing Radiation Dose and Image Quality in Stroke CT Protocols: Proposed Diagnostic Reference Levels for Multiphase CT Angiography and Perfusion Imaging.

Objective: In suspected acute ischemic stroke, it is now reasonable to expand the conventional "stroke protocol" (non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT), arterial CT angiography (CTA), and optionally CT perfusion (CTP)) to early and late venous head scans yielding a multiphase CTA (MP-CTA) to increase diagnostic confidence. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) have been defined for neither MP-CTA nor CTP. We therefore present dosimetry data, while also considering image quality, for a large, unselected patient cohort.

Artificial intelligence-based rapid brain volumetry substantially improves differential diagnosis in dementia.

Introduction: This study evaluates the clinical value of a deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) system that performs rapid brain volumetry with automatic lobe segmentation and age- and sex-adjusted percentile comparisons.

Methods: Fifty-five patients-17 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 18 with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and 20 healthy controls-underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging scans. Two board-certified neuroradiologists (BCNR), two board-certified radiologists (BCR), and three radiology residents (RR) assessed the scans twice: first without AI support and then with AI assistance.

Measurable disease as baseline criterion for response assessment in glioblastoma: A comparison of PET -based (PET RANO 1.0) and MRI-based (RANO) assessments.

Background: Recently, criteria based on amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) have been proposed for response assessment in diffuse gliomas (PET RANO 1.0). In this study, we compare the prevalence of measurable disease according to PET RANO 1.

Cerebellar Venous Hemangioma: Two Case Reports and Literature Review.

Venous hemangiomas within the central nervous system (CNS) represent a rare pathological entity described by sporadic case reports so far. Comprehensive insights into their histological and imaging features, pathogenesis, natural course, and therapeutic modalities are lacking. This review article presents two patients with contrast-enhancing cerebellar lesions near the tentorium cerebelli lacking edema or diffusion restriction.