Restoring areas after a radioactive fallout: A multidisciplinary study on decontamination.

Land remediation is an important part of restoration measures after a radioactive fallout containing long-lived fission products such as Cs. In this multidisciplinary study, we focused on three main issues related to remediation of contaminated urban areas. First, we assessed how much decontamination contributes to reducing resident radiation exposure and how much this reduction depends on the timing of implemented measures.

Time-dependence of decontamination efficiency after a fallout of gamma-emitting radionuclides in suburban areas: a theoretical outlook on topsoil removal.

Decontamination of urban areas may be necessary in the case of extensive fallout of radioactive material after a nuclear accident, as removal of contaminated soil and vegetation will significantly reduce doses for the residents in an area affected by fallout. Experience from Japan shows that cleanup operations of urban areas may take years despite investment in ample resources. The time delay between the initial fallout and completion of the decontamination measures allows natural and physical processes to affect the results.

Accuracy of a Bayesian technique to estimate position and activity of orphan gamma-ray sources by mobile gamma spectrometry: Influence of imprecisions in positioning systems and computational approximations.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of experimental data on performance of a developed Bayesian algorithm tailored for orphan source search, estimating which parameters affect the accuracy of the algorithm. The algorithm can estimate the position and activity of a gamma-ray point source from experimental mobile gamma spectrometry data. Bayesian estimates were made for source position and activity using mobile gamma spectrometry data obtained from one 123% HPGe detector and two 4-l NaI(Tl) detectors, considering angular variations in counting efficiency for each detector.

Maximum detection distances for gamma emitting point sources in mobile gamma spectrometry.

In this study an algorithm was developed for calculating maximum detectable distance (MDD) for mobile gamma-ray detection of lost sources in-situ for some common mobile spectrometer systems and gamma sources (Cs and Co). The MDD is a function of detector efficiency, vehicle speed, acquisition time interval, radiation background level and accepted frequency of false alarms. To test its accuracy in predicting the MDD experiments were conducted in-situ.

FAP and FAPI-PET/CT in Malignant and Non-Malignant Diseases: A Perfect Symbiosis?

A fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is an atypical type II transmembrane serine protease with both endopeptidase and post-proline dipeptidyl peptidase activity. FAP is overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are found in most epithelial tumors. CAFs have been implicated in promoting tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis and growth and their presence correlates with a poor prognosis.