A Multicentric European Clinical Study on Custom-Made Porous Hydroxyapatite Cranioplasty in a Pediatric Population.

Background: Cranioplasty (CP) is a surgical intervention aiming to re-establish the integrity of skull defects. Autologous bone and different heterologous materials are used for this purpose, with various reported related complications, especially in children.This study aims to evaluate the rate of complication in a multicentric cohort of pediatric patients treated by porous hydroxyapatite (PHA) CP implantation and to assess the reliability of post-marketing clinical data collected by a manufacturing company.

Urinary Tract Anomalies in Patients With Anorectal Malformations: The Role of Screening and Clinical Follow-Up.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the screening protocol and the clinical follow-up to detect urological anomalies (UA) in patients with ARM (ARM-P) in our institution. Secondary aim was to define the prevalence of UA and their relationship with severity of ARM.

Methods: ARM-P were selected from a prospectively maintained database from 2000 to 2016.

Rare association between spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas and dysraphisms: Report of two cases and review of the literature with a focus on pitfalls in diagnosis and treatment.

Spinal vascular malformations are uncommon yet important spinal pathologies commonly classified in congenital and acquired lesions. Spinal lipomas consist of three subtypes: intramedullary lipomas, lipomyelo(meningo)celes and lipomas of the filum. Although the association of spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM) with other congenital anomalies is well known, the coexistence of dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and tethered spinal cord is exceptionally rare and only eight cases have been reported.

Intraparenchymal ventricular diverticula in chronic obstructive hydrocephalus: prevalence, imaging features and evolution.

Background: Intraparenchymal cavities communicating with the ventricles may appear in patients with chronic obstructive hydrocephalus despite no identifiable surgerical, vascular or traumatic causes. The rate, features, pathogenesis, evolution and clinical impact of intraparenchymal diverticula have not been outlined, yet.

Methods: Brain MRIs of 130 patients (mean age: 11.