Resveratrol Regulates the Quiescence-Like Induction of Activated Stellate Cells by Modulating the PPARγ/SIRT1 Ratio.

The activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC), from a quiescent cell featuring cytoplasmic lipid droplets to a proliferative myofibroblast, plays an important role in liver fibrosis development. The GRX line is an activated HSC model that can be induced by all-trans-retinol to accumulate lipid droplets. Resveratrol is known for activating Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), a NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase that suppresses the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), an important adipogenic transcription factor involved in the quiescence maintenance of HSC.

Obesity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is linked to decreased PC1/3 mRNA expression in the Jejunum.

Background: Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for obesity and its complications, especially in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the messenger RNA (mRNA) gene expression of proglucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3), and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) in jejunum cells of the morbidly obese (OB) non type 2 diabetes mellitus (NDM2) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), to determine the molecular basis of incretin secretion after bariatric surgery.

Methods: Samples of jejunal mucosa were obtained from 20 NDM2 patients: removal of a section of the jejunum about 60 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz and 18 T2DM patients: removal of a section of the jejunum about 100 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz.

Parallel down-regulation of FOXO1, PPARγ and adiponectin mRNA expression in visceral adipose tissue of class III obese individuals.

Objective: Adipose tissue is responsible for secretion of several cytokines that mediate systemic effects on obesity and insulin resistance. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are metabolically different and have differences in their gene expression profile. Our study evaluated the expression of adiponectin, FOXO1, PPARγ, and SIRT1 in VAT and SAT of non-obese and class III obese subjects.

Resveratrol upregulated SIRT1, FOXO1, and adiponectin and downregulated PPARγ1-3 mRNA expression in human visceral adipocytes.

Background: The SIRT1 enzyme is involved in adipose tissue (AT) lipolysis. FOXO1 is a protein that plays a significant role in regulating metabolism. Adiponectin is an adipokine, secreted by the AT, which has been considered to have an antiobesity function.

SIRT1 transcription is decreased in visceral adipose tissue of morbidly obese patients with severe hepatic steatosis.

Background: Visceral adipose tissue is known to release greater amounts of adipokines and free fatty acids into the portal vein, being one of the most predictive factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our study has the purpose to evaluate sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), adiponectin, Forkhead/winged helix (FOXO1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma1-3, and PPARbeta/delta mRNA expression in morbidly obese patients in three different lipid depots: visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT), and retroperitoneal (RAT). Recent studies suggest that SIRT1, a NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase, protects rats from NAFLD.