Pawsitive impact: How pet contact ameliorates adult inflammatory stress responses in individuals raised in an urban environment.

Background: Individuals raised in an urban environment (URBANs) show an exaggerated inflammatory response to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) compared with individuals raised in a rural environment. The underlying mechanisms are unclear but may relate to childhood animal contact. As an exaggerated immune (re)activity plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of stress-associated disorders, these findings might explain the higher prevalence of stress-associated disorders in urban vs.

Attenuated growth factor signaling during cell death initiation sensitizes membranes towards peroxidation.

Cell death programs such as apoptosis and ferroptosis are associated with aberrant redox homeostasis linked to lipid metabolism and membrane function. Evidence for cross-talk between these programs is emerging. Here, we show that cytotoxic stress channels polyunsaturated fatty acids via lysophospholipid acyltransferase 12 into phospholipids that become susceptible to peroxidation under additional redox stress.

Gender identity and sexual orientation in Austrian adolescents.

In many European countries, representative data on the proportion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adolescents are still lacking. Therefore, this study used data of 9,295 adolescents (11 to 17 years) who participated in two nationwide surveys (Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study and Austrian Health Study on Apprentices) and investigated answers regarding gender identity and sexual orientation. Additionally, age- and gender-specific patterns and mocking answers given were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed.

Novel Insights into Enhanced Stability of Li-Rich Layered and High-Voltage Olivine Phosphate Cathodes for Advanced Batteries through Surface Modification and Electron Structure Design.

The design of cathode/electrolyte interfaces in high-energy density Li-ion batteries is critical to protect the surface against undesirable oxygen release from the cathodes when batteries are charged to high voltage. However, the involvement of the engineered interface in the cationic and anionic redox reactions associated with (de-)lithiation is often ignored, mostly due to the difficulty to separate these processes from chemical/catalytic reactions at the cathode/electrolyte interface. Here, a new electron energy band diagrams concept is developed that includes the examination of the electrochemical- and ionization- potentials evolution upon batteries cycling.