An analysis of blood management in patients having a total hip or knee arthroplasty.

Three hundred and thirty orthopaedic surgeons in the United States participated in a study of transfusion requirements associated with total joint arthroplasty. A total of 9482 patients (3920 patients who had a total hip replacement and 5562 patients who had a total knee replacement) were evaluated prospectively from September 1996 through June 1997. Of those patients, 4409 (46 percent [57 percent of the patients who had a hip replacement and 39 percent of the patients who had a knee replacement]) had a blood transfusion.

A case of germinal center formation by CD45RO T and CD20 B lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritic subchondral bone: proposal for a two-compartment model of immune-mediated disease with implications for immunotherapeutic strategies.

In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity occurring as joint destruction of cartilage and bone is thought to be driven by inflammatory reactions which are initiated by exogenous microbial mechanisms and perpetuated by endogenous autoimmune mechanisms. According to the synovial model of RA, these reactions originate in the adjacent synovial tissues. The following set of observations is presented herein to suggest an alternate model involving subchondral bone.

Eccentric and concentric muscle performance in patients with spastic paresis secondary to motor neuron disease. A preliminary report.

This study investigated the potential value of eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CONC) isokinetic testing for quantifying motor deficit in patients with spastic paresis secondary to motor neuron disease. We hypothesized that, at a moderately fast (120 degrees s-1) angular velocity, spastic patients would demonstrate different ECC-CONC torque relationships from healthy controls or patients with non-spastic neuromuscular disorders. Eleven patients with motor neuron disease having clinical evidence of spasticity, and 11 disease-control patients (with non-spastic disorders, e.

Enoxaparin: the low-molecular-weight heparin for prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complications.

Objective: To introduce readers to a new low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) product, enoxaparin. The chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy in thromboembolic prophylaxis following surgery, and adverse effects are reviewed.

Data Sources: A MEDLINE search of the English-language literature was used to identify relevant literature.

Eccentric muscle performance of elbow and knee muscle groups in untrained men and women.

Maximal voluntary eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CON) capacity of knee and elbow muscle groups was investigated in healthy untrained men (N = 40) and women (N = 50), 21-67 yr of age. Purposes of the study were to describe torque-velocity and ECC-CON relationships, and to compare these relationships among muscle groups and between genders. Average torque was measured at angular velocities of 30 degrees and 120 degrees.