Can MRI radiomics distinguish residual adenocarcinoma from acellular mucin in treated rectal cancer?

Background: We explored the use of MRI T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) radiomics to help distinguish acellular mucin from cellular mucin (residual tumor) to inform patient management.

Methods: This retrospective, multi-institutional study included consecutive patients with rectal adenocarcinoma containing mucin on restaging MRI from March 2012-January 2020. Radiologists segmented 3-mm-thick T2WI.

Assessing acute effects of methylphenidate and modafinil on inhibitory capacity, time estimation, attentional lapses, and compulsive-like behavior in rats.

Medications known as 'cognitive enhancers' are increasingly being consumed off-label by healthy people, raising concerns about their safety. The aim of our study was to profile behavioral performance upon oral administration of methylphenidate (2.5 mg/kg) and modafinil (64 mg/kg) - two popular cognitive enhancers - and upon their discontinuation.

Canine vector-borne parasites in the Galapagos.

Background: The extraordinary Galapagos Islands, with an impressive number of endemic and native species, maintain the interest and curiosity for researchers from all over the world. The native species are known to be vulnerable to new pathogens, cointroduced with their invasive hosts. In the case of invasive parasitic arthropods, their evolutionary success is related to the association with other invasive hosts (such as domestic animals).

Critical consciousness among undocumented immigrant college students: Responding to cultural stress and psychological distress.

Objectives: Cultural stress is experienced by undocumented students when they encounter discrimination in higher education and society. In response, undocumented students engage in critical consciousness, while simultaneously experiencing psychological distress. A conceptual model is introduced to describe the links between cultural stress, critical consciousness development, and psychological distress.

Human leukocyte antigen class I antibody-activated endothelium promotes CD206+ M2 macrophage polarization and MMP9 secretion through TLR4 signaling and P-selectin in a model of antibody-mediated rejection and allograft vasculopathy.

HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSA) elicit alloimmune responses against the graft vasculature, leading to endothelial cell (EC) activation and monocyte infiltration during antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). AMR promotes chronic inflammation and remodeling, leading to thickening of the arterial intima termed transplant vasculopathy or cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) in heart transplants. Intragraft-recipient macrophages serve as a diagnostic marker in AMR; however, their polarization and function remain unclear.