Lung Ultrasonography and Cardiac Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Pulmonary complications are common after cardiac surgery and are closely related to postoperative heart failure and adverse outcomes. Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is currently a widely accepted diagnostic approach with well-established methodology, nomenclature, accuracy, and prognostic value in numerous clinical conditions. The advantages of LUS are universally recognized and include bedside applicability, high diagnostic sensitivity and reproducibility, no radiation exposure, and low cost.

[First experience of using cardiorespiratory load testing to assess the functional status of the patient in the pre-operational period].

In anesthetics practice exist different scales and indexes, _through which the evaluation functional condition of the patient. The disadvantage of these scales and tests are subjective evaluation as a condition of the patient, who is able to re-evaluate their functionality and anaesthesiologist, co-tory may underestimate the presence of comorbidities and patient complications in the postoperative period. The method of improvement of objective assessment of the patient's functional reserves, of a cardiorespiratory exercise testing is given.

[ULTRASOUND IN ANESTHESIOLOGY AND INTENSIVE CARE: WHAT TO TEACH?].

Despite the fact that there is a wealth of experience of using ultrasound in medicine, its application in anesthesiology and critical care began relatively recently Ultrasound navigation can improve the quality of the invasive procedures. There were developed special protocols for critically ill patients, which helps to obtain the diagnosis at the bedside. Therefore all the world's leading societies and associations recommend to include the training of ultrasound technology in the education program for anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists.

[Diagnostics of pneumothorax with ultrasound].

The article deals with a method of pneumothorax diagnostics based on verification of four ultrasound sings--lung sliding absence, B-lines absence, lung pulse absence and lung point presence. Use of ultrasound allows to quickly diagnose a pneumothorax and to monitor the condition of pleural space. Introduction of the ultrasound methods into routine work ICU specialists can increase safety of patients.

[Changes in the oxidant-antioxidant system activity in patients with hepatic failure treated with hyperbaric oxygenation and actoprotectors].

Effects of hyperbaric oxygenation, bemitil, and solcoseryl used in preoperative treatment of patients with hepatic failure on the oxidant-antioxidant system are studied. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was assessed from changes in the levels of malonic dialdehyde and diene conjugate and the antioxidant system from the number of SH-groups. Hyperbaric oxygenation led to activation of LPO processes.