Temporal Trends of Subsequent CNS Malignancies Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer.

Purpose: It is not known whether temporal changes in childhood cancer therapy have reduced risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) of the central nervous system (CNS), a frequently fatal late effect of cancer therapy.

Methods: Five-year survivors of primary childhood cancers diagnosed between 1970-1999 in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study with a subsequent CNS SMN were identified. Cumulative incidence rates and standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were compared among survivors diagnosed between 1970-1979 (N = 6223), 1980-1989 (N = 9680), and 1990-1999 (N = 8999).

Melanoma Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Purpose: Melanoma as a subsequent malignant neoplasm has been described among childhood cancer survivors; however, the risk factors and long-term survival are not well understood.

Methods: We assessed incidence, risk factors, and outcomes for melanoma among participants in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort. Cumulative incidence and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated, and multivariable Cox models were used to determine hazard ratios (HRs) and associated 95% CI for melanoma risk factors.

Characterization of LiF TLD-100 in carbon ion beams for remote audits.

Background: A passive dosimeter framework for the measurement of dose in carbon ion beams has yet to be characterized or implemented for regular use.

Purpose: This work determined the dose calculation correction factors for absorbed dose in thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) in a therapeutic carbon ion beam. TLD could be a useful tool for remote audits, particularly in the context of clinical trials as new protocols are developed for carbon ion radiotherapy.

Changing public perceptions of alcohol, alcohol harms and alcohol policies: A multi-methods study to develop novel framing approaches.

Background And Aims: Public perceptions of alcohol and its related harms and policies are shaped by multiple discourses and can influence behaviour and policy support. As part of a FrameWorks-informed project to test framing approaches to improve public understanding and support for evidence-based alcohol policies in the UK, this research aimed to (i) summarise relevant evidence; (ii) compare how public understanding of alcohol harms differs from those of academic and charity experts; and (iii) develop novel framing approaches.

Methods: (1) a literature review including systematic, scoping and targeted components to understand previous evidence on effective framing from behaviour change, UK alcohol policy and FrameWorks literatures; (2) comparison of public views of alcohol harms and policies from four focus groups (n = 20) with those of public health experts; (3) an iterative process involving workshops and stakeholder consultation to develop 12 novel framing approaches.

Tumor specific delivery and radiation-enhanced tumor penetration of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for effective radionuclide therapy of ovarian peritoneal metastasis.

Advanced ovarian cancer with peritoneal metastasis is challenging to treat. Limited tumor delivery and penetration of the therapeutics to deep tumor regions are significant barriers to effective treatment. The rising radiopharmaceuticals offer hopes for patients through targeted delivery.