Vegetable and fruit wastes: Valuable source for organic fertilizer for effective growth of short-term crops: Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum.

Agriculture plays a vital role in the food security and economies of Asian countries. Annually, numerous metric tons of vegetable and fruit wastes are disposed of. This research aimed to convert the food wastes encompassing the vegetable and fruit wastes into solid and liquid organic fertilizer and to evaluate their influence on the growth (germination, phytochemicals, and biomolecules) of Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum.

Effect of Siponimod on Brain and Spinal Cord Imaging Markers of Neurodegeneration in the Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus Model of Demyelination.

Siponimod (Sp) is a Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, and it suppresses S1P- mediated autoimmune lymphocyte transport and inflammation. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibits inflammation-driven acute and chronic phases, spinal cord lesions, brain and spinal cord atrophy, and white matter injury. The objective of the study was to investigate whether Sp treatment could attenuate inflammation-induced pathology in the TMEV model by inhibiting microglial activation and preventing the atrophy of central nervous tissue associated with neurodegeneration.

Subcutaneous anti-CD20 antibody treatment delays gray matter atrophy in human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced EAE mice.

Background: The human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (huMOG-EAE) model, generates B-cell driven demyelination in mice, making it a suitable multiple sclerosis model to study B cell depletion.

Objectives: We investigated the effect of subcutaneous anti-CD20 antibody treatment on huMOG-EAE gray matter (GM) pathology.

Methods: C57Bl/6, 8-week old mice were immunized with 200 huMOG and treated with 50 μg/mouse of anti-CD20 antibody (n = 16) or isotype control (n = 16).

Luminescence and structural characterization on praseodymium (Pr3+) doped potassium bromide (KBr) single crystals.

The luminescence properties of praseodymium (Pr ) ion in potassium bromide (KBr) host have been investigated. The excitation bands observed in the region 220-300 nm are attributed to the transitions from 4f level to the 5d crystal field splitting levels of Pr ion. Emission bands originated due to transition of P → H (564 nm), P → H (604 nm), D → P (721 nm) and P → F (659 nm) have been observed.

A chikungunya outbreak in the metropolis of Chennai, India, 2006.

In 2006, several southern states in India reported outbreaks of chikungunya. In the metropolis of Chennai, the first laboratory-confirmed chikungunya cases had an onset of symptoms at the end of May 2006. The authors reviewed surveillance data in which a suspected case of chikungunya was defined as a patient presenting with fever and arthralgia at a medical camp in Chennai on and after June 20, 2006.